On average, loan-to-value ratios and debt-to-income ratios are much higher for GSE purchase mortgages with private MI compared with loans that don’t carry MI.
Private MIs and the two major government programs provided primary coverage on $74.80 billion of refinance loans, more than double the volume in the third quarter.
GSE purchase-mortgage business with private MI declined at about half the rate of the decline seen in FHA purchase-mortgage business in the fourth quarter of 2025.
Volume with primary MI was up sharply in the fourth quarter of 2025 at both the government-sponsored enterprises and the Department of Veterans Affairs, while FHA volume lagged to some extent.