The share of GSE purchase mortgages with LTV ratios above 80% increased during the second quarter to a level last seen in 2023. However, lenders held firm on credit scores and the high-LTV-ratio share of refi business declined. (Includes two data tables.)

Artificial intelligence and stronger due diligence efforts can help reduce growing instances of appraisal fraud, according to mortgage investors and appraisers.

The FHA/VA share of agency business with primary mortgage insurance increased during the second quarter for both purchase mortgages and refis. In the first half of 2026, purchase-mortgage volume with primary MI was up only 2.7% from the first half of 2025. (Includes two data tables.)