The cross-subsidization baked into current GSE guarantee-fee pricing could be made to work better, according to Urban Institute researchers. Current GSE pricing under guidelines from the Federal Housing Finance Agency are not fully adjusted to risk: low-risk borrowers pay a little more than they should and higher-risk borrowers pay a little less. Urban Institute researchers Jim Parrott and Laurie Goodman in a new paper say there are shortcomings in the existing cross-subsidy system that result in support going to borrowers who may not need it. “First, it does not effectively target those who need the help,” they said, adding that close to one of four beneficiaries of the subsidy are not in the low- to moderate-income category.