The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled last week that a 2010 Federal Housing Finance Agency directive advising Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac not to purchase mortgages laden with certain first-priority lien obligations under the Property Assessed Clean Energy program falls within the FHFA’s purview as GSE conservator. A three-judge panel of the Ninth Circuit overturned a ruling last August by California Federal Judge Claudia Wilken that determined the FHFA was not acting as conservator but as regulator and had improperly exercised substantive regulatory oversight in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act when the agency halted GSE involvement with PACE programs.