Uncertainty about the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.’s authority to grant an industry petition for business parity between state-chartered institutions and national banks prompted federal regulators this week to deny an FDIC staff recommendation to seek public comment on certain proposed options for responding to the petition. Separately, the FDIC joined other banking regulators in approving a new Community Reinvestment Act rule that creates a new category for midsize institutions and investment test for CRA reviews.…